世論 What Japan Thinks

[part 1] [part 2]

DIMSDRIVE carried out a survey at the start of December to find people’s views regarding electronic money. They interviewed by means of an internet-based questionnaire 6,430 people from all over Japan, 2,736 (42.6%) male, all members of their monitor group.

The Suica system comes out tops for name recognition, but that may be because it is promoted as not just electronic money, but more importantly as a rail pass. Suica is the preferred system for issuing railway season tickets, so it gets heavily promoted in that respect, and is also often featured on in-train advertising, therefore it has very high name recognition, as can be seen here.

However, Edy scores higher as the first thing that springs to mind regarding electronic money, perhaps because the advertising for Suica is weighted towards the season ticket features, not shopping.
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NTT DoCoMo recently carried out a survey of users of mobile phones with electronic wallet functionality to see how, or even if, they were being used. Note when reading this survey that first NTT DoCoMo has heavily invested in the electronic money infrastructure and almost all of their new models come with this feature built-in. For their FOMA range (3G phones), it is a compulsory feature, and with sales figures showing over 80% of new and upgrading customers are choosing these models, NTT have a vested interest in the success of electronic wallets, as they no doubt get a transaction fee for every electronic money purchase. This may or may not have influenced the outcome of the survey. However, if accurate, it shows a pretty high degree of market penetration. UPDATE: If only I’d posted this right after I translated it last week, I could have beaten the BBC on this story!

Although launched only last July, in just one year and two months (September 3rd) DoCoMo reached 6 million electronic money-capabile phones sold, and by the first of October there were about 25,000 shops nationwide and 6,000 vending machines equipped with readers.

In this survey, 4,000 users of mobile phones with the DoCoMo おサイフケータイ (osaifu keitai, Mobile Wallet) service functionality built-in were interviewed, 2,200 male, 1,800 female, and their answers are as follows.

Q: Have you used the Mobile Wallet functionality of your phone?

	Using it	Used to use it, but stopped	Not used it
All	28%	3%	69%
Up to 19 years old	18%	4%	78%
20 to 29 years old	27%	4%	69%
30 to 39 years old	32%	3%	65%
40 to 49 years old	29%	3%	68%
Over 50 years old	21%	2%	77%

This 28% represents 1,108 people, and if this is scaled up to cover all people owning electronic-money ready DoCoMo phones, about 1.82 million people are using this service.

Q: How often do you use your Mobile Wallet? (Sample size=1,108)

Over thrice a day	6%
About once a day	12%
About five times a week	5%
About thrice a week	15%
About once a week	24%
About once every two weeks	11%
About once a month	17%
Hardly ever use it	10%

Compared with the same question asked in May, the percentage using the service once a day or more has increased from 13% to 18%.

Q: Where do you use your Mobile Wallet? (Sample size=1,108, multiple answer)

Convenience store	84%
Rental shop	25%
Vending machine	24%
Airport	22%
Electrical retailer	18%
Pharmacist	16%
Book or CD shop	15%
Cafe	15%
Fast food store	14%
Bar or pub	12%
Family Restaurant	11%

Note that at some places, like at airports, the Mobile Wallet is not used as money, but as a member’s card for saving points, etc. When you buy a plane ticket from ANA online, you can get an email sent to your mobile phone that allows you to access an application that records a transaction identifier in the IC card of the wallet, so ticket collection and check-in can be performed simultaneously and effortlessly.

Q: How satisfied are you with your Mobile Wallet service? (Sample size=1,108)

Extremely satisfied	13%
Satisfied	69%
Dissatisfied	19%

SQ: If extremely satisfied or satisfied, will you buy a Mobile Wallet capable phone next time you change phones? (Sample size=902)

Definitely want to buy	47%
Want to buy	52%
Don’t want to buy	1%

Q: What do you like about using your Mobile Wallet? (Sample size=1,108)

Just hold over reader to use	73%
Speedy purchasing	60%
No fiddling with a wallet	46%
Earn points	21%
Can refill via iMode	20%
Can see remaining cash on display	17%
It’s OK not to bring a wallet	14%
Can use for lots of services	14%
Less stuff in my wallet	12%

Q: What services would you like to use in the future? (Sample size=4,000)

Electronic money	58%
Point card	56%
Rail pass	35%
Cinema ticket	20%
Cash card	18%
Home key	15%
Concert ticket	8%
Theme park passport	8%

According to this survey by MyVoice, performed at the start of August of this year amongst 12,317 registered members of the MyVoice Community, the following views on electronic money are as follows. 7,002 women and 5,295 men took part in the survey, with almost 40% being aged 30-39.

Q: Select all the electronic money brands you know.

Suica (JR East)	71.3%
Edy (Bitwallet (ANA et al))	63.2%
WebMoney	35.7%
ICOCA (JR West)	34.9%
ChoCOM (NTT)	20.8%
BitCash	14.7%
Others	3.3%
Don’t know about electronic money	11.5%
No answer	0.2%

Q: Have you used electronic money?

Yes	37.2%
No	62.8%

Q: For those who have used electronic money, what brands have you used? (Sample size=4,582 I think)

Suica (JR East)	54.8%
Edy (Bitwallet (ANA et al))	34.7%
WebMoney	23.2%
ICOCA (JR West)	11.0%
ChoCOM (NTT)	5.7%
BitCash	3.9%
Others	4.4%
No answer	0.4%

Note that Suica and ICOCA are regional brands focused around the two conurbations of Tokyo and Osaka, so the overlap between the two brands might be pretty small, although in the Osaka area there has been adverts describing how the ICOCA can be used in the Suica area. I would also suspect that a lot of the Suica and ICOCA users are not using the wallet features of the card – the main use is perhaps just as an electronic season ticket. Personally speaking I didn’t use the electronic wallet portion until over a year after getting the card.

Q: For those who have used electronic money, what have you used it for? (Sample size=4,582 I think)

Travel tickets	55.6%
Convenience store	42.4%
Net shopping	23.2%
Kiosk (usually on station platform)	15.3%
Vending machine	5.0%
Theatre/event ticket booth	3.5%
Supermarket	3.3%
Pharmacy	2.7%
Department store	1.6%
Discount store	1.2%
Others	14.5%
No answer	0.4%

Q: From now on, do you think you want to use electronic money? (Sample size unclear. All participants perhaps?)

I want to use	19.3%
I might want to use	26.8%
I may or may not want to use	31.7%
I don’t really want to use	13.5%
I don’t want to use	8.1%
No answer	0.7%

Sample reasons for answers:

I want to use	34yo male	Cashlessness seems convenient
	20yo female	I want to get Miles
	33yo male	Points and other privileges
I might want to use	42yo female	I’ve got a Suica pass in mind
	25yo male	Handy in emergencies
	32yo female	It seems to be becoming necessary these days
I may or may not want to use	49yo male	Too many types, and the number of cards needed is inconvenient
	27yo female	Refilling the card is a pain. Still just a few places to use the cards.
	44yo male	If I had one I might use it (eh?)
I don’t really want to use	43yo female	I don’t feel I can trust the security aspect
	23yo male	I’m a cash man myself
	39yo female	I can’t yet really understand the whole idea
I don’t want to use	26yo male	I’m concerned that personal information will be disclosed
	30yo female	I’d probably lose all my money sense
	64yo male	It’s unnecessary

I can’t say I’ve seen any cards used outside of station ticket gates myself, but I wonder if people were including their standard credit cards in the list of places they had used these cards? Most Japanese credit cards come with an IC Card component, and most supermarkets have signature-less and PIN-less transactions that are just as good as electronic money. I’d be in the “probably don’t want to use” camp myself, even though I have an ICOCA. The private rail equivalent, PiTaPa, is post-pay, which I am still not 100% sure about myself, especially since even the season ticket component is not paid in advance.